宾语从句句型结构及例子，宾语从句结构及用法

来源：择校网时间：2024-01-29 20:30:27

一、宾语从句用法详解

名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。下面我就给大家带来宾语从句的基本用法详解，一起来看看吧。

宾语从句就是一个句子的宾语部分是由另一个句子来充当。宾语从句需要用引导词来引导。学好宾语从句，必须过“三关”。即引导词关、语序关、时态关。

引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类，即:

1)。That在从句中不充当任何成分，也无实义，只是起到连接的作用。

通常在say, think, wish, hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear, feel等动词后加that，引导宾语从句。连词that在口语中常被省略。󰀀

如：He said that he was a student.

I thought that he was wrong.󰀀

☆注意：A)引导宾语从句的that常可以省略,但下列情况下不能省略。

(1)and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句，除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的 that不能省略。

如：I know(that) he is a good student and that he likes basketball.

(2)、that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。

如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.

(3)、主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。

如：We decided, considering his age, that we would not let him do the job.

B)常这样用的动词有find,feel,consider,make,believe等。

如：He doesn’t want it to be known that he is going away.

C) think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy,guess等表示主观看法或认识的动词,.

如：I don’t think he will come to my party.(而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.) I don’t believe that he is a good student, is he?我认为他不是个好学生，不是吗? I don’t think you are right.

I don’t believe that they have finished their work.

比较：she believes that I am not a good student.

如：I don't know whether/if I should go to the party tomorrow.

注意：在以下情况中，只能用whether。

A)在动词不定式之前只能用whether

如：I can’t decide whether to stay.

B)在whether…… or not的固定搭配中，只能用whether。

如：I want to know whether she is a student or not.

如：His father is worried about whether he has lost his work.

3 A)疑问代词包括what,who, whom, which,whose, whoever, whatever, whichever等.。如： Do you know who(whom) they are waiting for?

I don't know what they want.

John told me which girl he liked most..

I want to know whose father that old man is.

I will give you whatever you want.

You can meet whoever you want to see.

You can choose whichever you like.

B)疑问副词包括when, where, how, why, whenever,wherever,however等。

如： Could you tell me how we can get to the station?

He told me when we should go to the airport.

I told him where he should go.

I don't know why he is so angry.

You can come whenever you are free.

You can go wherever you like.

4)另外：宾语从句可做动词宾语,介词宾语,及某些形容词甚至是副词的宾语.例如：

1、He said that he was a student.(that从句是said的宾语)

2、宾语从句作介词的宾语，常常有两种情况：

如：We are talking about where we should go.(疑问代词where从句作介词about的宾语) The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done.(疑问代词what引导的宾语从句时介词with的宾语)

B)用that,whether引导的介词宾语从句

如：except,but,besides三个介词后常常可以见到that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about whether we should go camping.

3、常常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised。That常常可以省略。

如：I am sure(that) I will pass the exam.

Mary was pleased(that) she had passed the final exam..(that引导的宾语从句是形容词pleased的宾语)

4、I will find out where he has gone(where引导的宾语从句作副词out的宾语).

如：1、Tom said. He is reading a book.

→ Tom said that he was reading a book.

2、He asks me. Are they playing a game?

→ He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.(宾语从句，陈述语序)

3、Where is the hospital? He told me.

→ He told me Where the Hospital was.

4、I don't know who he is

宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：

如： I think he is a clever boy.

I think he has gone to Beijing.

I think he bought the book yesterday.

He said he would go to Beijing tomorrow.

He forgot whether he had locked the door.

例:1)She says that she is a student.

She said that she was a student.

2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.

She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3)She says that she has finished her homework already.

宾语从句句型结构及例子，宾语从句结构及用法

She said that she had finished her homework already.

4)She says that she can sing a song in English.

She said that she could sing a song in English.

3、当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，不管主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时。

例： He told me that Japan is an island country.(客观事实)

二、宾语从句结构及用法

一、结构：主语谓语宾语（陈述语序）

在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：

连词：that(that常可省略),whether, if

副词：when,where, how, why等。

(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)

say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.

注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。

例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.

1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。

例句：He said(that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.

2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

3、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。

例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.

注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。

例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

(二)由whether,if引导的宾语从句

由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。

例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句：

例句：We decided whether to walk there.

例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.

例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week

例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.

只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句

(三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句

这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。

例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?

英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。

例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.