7年级英语语法大全(初一英语语法有哪些)
来源:择校网 时间:2024-01-31 19:04:01
一、初一英语语法有哪些
1.介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中","在……内"。例如:
3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如:
5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk在讲桌附近
a picture of our classroom我们教室的一幅画
冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.
a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。
------ What can you see in the classroom?
-------你能在教室里看到什么呀?
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。
②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗?
②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。
some和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。
family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。
My family is a big family.我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are all at home now.我的家人现在都在家。
Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。
His family are all workers.他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing.我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now.他现在不在家。
It's a picture of my family.这是一张我全家的照片。
a little dog一只小狗,a little boy一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。
*但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。
There is little time.几乎没时间了。
There is little water in the cup.杯中水很少。
in her pencil-box在她的铅笔盒中
a picture of a classroom一个教室的图片
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock/ some books.
7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。
see在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如:
seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat,和sit down的意思相同。
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:
(1).一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如:
my mother's friend我妈妈的朋友
(2).如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如:
The boys' game男孩们的游戏
(3).如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
(4).表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy和Lily的房间
Kate and Jim's father Kate和Jim的爸爸
动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。
the name of her cat她的猫的名字
a picture of my family我的家庭的一张照片
the door of the bedroom卧室的门
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。
(1).祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
(2).祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。
Don't look at your books.不要看书。
Don't play on the road.不要在马路上玩。
There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be 名词(单数或复数) 地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be not (any) 名词 地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room.房间里没猫。
There aren't any books on the desk.桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there (any) 名词 地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is/ are.否定回答:No, there isn't/ aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗?
---Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗?
---No, there aren't.没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many... are there( 地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be...
There's one./ There are two/ three/ some...
有时直接就用数字来回答。One./ Two...
---How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生?
---There's only one./ There are nine.只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much 不可数名词 is there 地点状语?
How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl?碗里有多少食物?为了你的电脑安全,请只打开来源可
二、初一英语有哪些语法给系统的总结一下吧,谢谢
行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数是初一上册的重点语法项目,是第八第九模块语言学习的关键,也是一般现在时的重点和难点。行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数的理解和掌握,有助于其它时态第三人称单数的正确理解和运用,所以,可以说它是英语语言交际和运用的基础和前提。
经过前几个模块的英语学习,初一的学生似乎掌握了一般现在时,但由于缺乏系统的归纳和梳理,学生对于行为动词的第三人称单数并不是十分清晰明了,无论在口语表达还是书面运用,总会出现混乱和偏差,缺乏准确性。所以,学生非常需要教师对于这种语法的细化引领和准确的点拨。
1.知识目标:掌握和运用行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数。
2.技能目标:能运用一般现在时第三人称单数进行语言交际和写作。
3.情感目标:通过小组合作,提高团结合作精神和竞争的意识。 1
4.策略目标:抓住用英语交流的每一次宝贵的机会。
5.文化意识目标:了解英语语言结构的独特性和运用的灵活性。
1.教学重点:行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数的结构体系和正确运用。
2.教学难点:行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数运用于交际和表达。
3.教学突破的关键:a.采用多媒体教学,运用形象的图片和彩色字体的强化; b.采用顺口溜的形式,提高学生的学习兴趣,强化学生的记忆; c.小组合作,取长补短,共同完成学习任务。
课前播放大屏幕图片和歌曲 the school day,让学生在轻
松和愉快的氛围下进入语法的学习。Students stand up and greet,Not sitting down,the teacher gets the students to talk about“My school day” in pairs,
设计意图:激情引趣,为上课创造良好的学习氛
Get the Volunteers to share“My school day” with the class
设计意图:检查作业,为下面的第三人称单数的语言交际打好基
础,基础好的学生可以对第三人称单数有少量的使用。 3.Presentation
The teacher:我们以上的交流运用了什么时态?
The students:学生回答:一般现在时.
The teacher:你怎样理解这种时态?
The students:一般的状况或经常发生的动作.
The teacher:我们现在学习了几种动词的一般现在时呢?The students:系动词,情态动词和行为动词;(学生在回答时,答案可能有偏差,教师作好引领)
The teacher shows the sentences on the screen:
b. He can speak English very well.
c. We often get up at six every day.
The teacher:我们发现行为动词一般现在时的运用有几种情况?
The students: a.动词用原形 b.主语是第三人称单数时,动词加s.
The teacher:什么样的词和短语是第三人称单数?
从下面的单词和短语中找出第三人称单数(在题号前划v)
1). my friend 7). the boy’s parents
2). our teacher 8). your teachers
4).their brother 10). Tom and Lucy
6). Lucy and Lily’s parent 12). DaMing with his parents
与学生研究为什么1).2).3).4).6).9).11).12)是第三人称单数,而其他的不是第三人称单数。
The teacher:当主语是第三人称单数时,动词有什么变化?
The students:.......(学生回答,教师补充展示)
b.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词在后面加es. watches
c.以辅音字母加o结尾的动词,加es. goes
d.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i加es. carries
e.以元音字母加y结尾的动词,直接加s. says
f.动词的不规则变化。have变成 has
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。
2). say-- 7).open-- 12). do--
3). have-- 8).write-- 13). ride-
4). play-- 9).read-- 14). carry-
5). wash-- 10).teach-- 15). like
Check up and read them together
设计意图:培养质疑,激发思维,快速反映,引导呈现。
1)运用表格,用单三形式造句子(one bye one):
for example: a. He goes to school at seven.
b. Xiaohong goes to school by bus.
The Teacher:这些句子的疑问,特殊疑问,选择疑问和否定有什么变化?
The students answer and the teacher shows and concludes:
主语是第三人称单数句子的变化:
a. She doesn’t often get up at six.
b. Does she often get up at six? Yes, she does.
c. When does she often get up?
d. Does she often get up at six or at five?
绕口令:Does是个照妖镜,动词见它现原形。
2).运用表格,编一个对话或一段短文(teamwork)
教师与的三个学生合作一个model.
The model: A: She goes home at 5.
C: Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t
D: Does she go home by car or on foot?
A: She goes to school by car.
有能力的小组或个人可以脱离表格和Model,创造自己的对话或文章。
设计意图:理清单三句型的变化,利用绕口令,激发兴趣,加深理解;小组合作,化解语言的难点,知识运用于交际;口语操练从造句子过渡到编对话或文段,由易到难,层层深入。
1)语言运用,习题巩固(by oneself)
a.They speak English.(改为一般疑问句)
_______ they _______ English?
b. She does her homework at home on Sundays.(变为否定句)
She _______ _______ her homework at home on Sundays。
c.The little girl has a new book.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the little girl _______ a new book?
d. Mike lives in London.(完成句子)
_______ _______ Mike _______?
e. I like apples.(加 oranges改为选择疑问句)
_______ you _______ apples _______ oranges?
f. Mike ________(stay) at home on Sundays.(正确形式填空)
g.My brother with my parents________(watch) TV every evening.(正确形式填空)
(选做题)用动词的正确事态填空,使文章语言表达正确。
It is Tony’s birthday soon. Tony usually ____(have) a party. His mother
______(make) a cake. His favourite cake ___(be) chocolate cake. He ____( get) up at 7:00, and he ____(open) his presents at once. He often ___( get) money from his parents his parents. His sister always ____(make) him a nice birthday card. All his friends _____(come) to the party.
设置两部分习题,意在让好同学吃饱,第二部分选做,课下给答案。
2)语言运用,生活链接(teamwork)
你校英语报(初一版)征集稿件,题目为:My friend/ father/dog....这是你班王芳的作品.找出其中的语法错误。先自己改错和思考,然后小组讨论交流。
你认为这是一篇好的稿件吗?如果不是,从哪些地方改进?
This is my friend, Lingling. She is thirteen years old, she
come from Shanghai. She have a round face, She like
singing and dancing, she isn’t like playing football. She often plaies the piano very well, she love music very much. she is my good friend, I love her.
我对于这篇短文的写作指导是:先让学生根据自己对文段的理解,来找出错误和它的不足之处,然后教师总结。
B.这篇短文的句型较单一,可以变换或加入一些系动词或情态动词的句型,使语言更丰富,语句饱满。
C.注意句与句之间的连词and和but的使用。
D.注意句与句之间的逻辑关系是否得体,She plays the piano very well和She loves music very much最好互换。教师展示修改以后的书面表达:
This is my friend, Lingling. She is thirteen years old and she comes from Shanghai. She has a round face and big eyes. She likes singing and dancing,but she doesn’t like playing football. she loves music very much and She can play the piano very well.she is my good friend and I love her.
The students read the passage together.
让有能力的学生完成自己的创作并展示。
设计意图:由点到面,准确运用语法;让学生在初学语言篇章时,有一个准确和理性的判断,能够掌握最基本的语用技巧,为课下的writing作业做好准备,为语言的交际和运用打下良好的基础。
教师及时了解学生所学知识,学生及时了解自己的掌握情况。
a. The boy_____(have) supper at 6 p.m. every day.(用适当形式填空)
b. The little girl studies at home on Sunday.
_______ ________the little girl ________ on Sunday?(就划线部分提问)
c. Tom and Lucy do their homework after school..(变否定句)
Tom and Lucy _______ _______their homework after school.
d. Emily has lunch at school.(加 at home改为选择疑问句)
________Emily _______ lunch at school ______at school?
层次作业,a.配习题巩固b.写一篇与生活相关的小作文
1.Tom and Lucy often play football on the playground.( a.变否定句, b.变疑问句并做肯定和否定回答, c.就划线部分提问)
2.Our teacher usually reads English in the morning.( a.变否定句, b.变疑问句并做肯定和否定回答, c.就划线部分提问)
3. Daming often has supper at 6 in the afternoon.(变否定句)
假如你是李蕾,你的笔友 Tom暑假要到你家度假,他向你询问你家人及宠物的日常活动和爱好等,请你写回信介绍:
要求:1、用一般现在时 2、不少于50字
设计意图:学语法的目的是巩固难点,准确运用,同时把所学知识运用于生活和交际。作业的不同层次,使中等学生巩固所学,使优秀学生达到高度。
3.Presentation A. question and answer
三、初一上下册英语语法知识点总结
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
1.be from= come from来自于----
4.write to sb= write a letter to sb给某人写信;写信给某人
5.in the world在世界上 in China在中国
6.pen pal笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject最喜欢的科目
7.the United States美国 the United Kingdom英国 New York纽约
8.speak English讲英语 like and dislike爱憎
9.go to the movies去看电影 play sports做运动
1 Where’s your pen pal from?= Where does your pen pal from/
3 What language(s) does he speak?
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English/ French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
1. Where is(the nearest)……?(最近的)……在哪里?
2. Can you tell me the way to……?你能告诉我去……的路吗?
3. How can I get to……?我怎样到达……呢?
4. Is there…… near here/ in the neighborhood?附近有……吗?
5. Which is the way to……?哪条是去……的路?
1. Go straight down/ along this street.沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning.在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right.你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here.离这里大约一百米远。
5. You’d better take a bus.你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better 动词原形)
1. across from……在……的对面 across from the bank在银行的对面
2. next to……紧靠…… next to the supermarket紧靠超市
3. between……and……在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo在公园和动物园之间
among表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of……在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
in the front of……在……(内)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
5. behind……在……后面 behind my house在我家后面
on the left/right of……在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school在我们学校的左边
on one’s left/right在某人的左/右边 on my left在我左边
8. down/along……沿着……(街道) down/along Center Street沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here在附近
12. the beginning of…………的开始,前端
at the beginning of……在……的开始,前端
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得开心,过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.
16.到达:get to 地方 get here/ there/ home到这/那/家
arrive in 大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at 小地方 I arrive at the bank.
17.go across从物体表面横过 go across the street横过马路
go through从空间穿过 go through the forest穿过树林
18.on 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at 具体门牌号 街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
1.enjoy doing sth享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事
到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带 doing.
I finish cleaning the room.我扫完了这间屋子。
2.hope to do sth希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
hope 从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine.我希望明天将会晴朗。
(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope的后面,形成句中有句。)
If I have much money, I will go to the moon.如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。
arrive in 大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at 小地方 I arrive at the bank.
17.go across从物体表面横过 go across the street横过马路
go through从空间穿过 go through the forest穿过树林
18.on 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at 具体门牌号 街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
1.enjoy doing sth享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事
到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带 doing.
2.hope to do sth希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
hope 从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine.我希望明天将会晴朗。
(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope的后面,形成句中有句。)
If I have much money, I will go to the moon.如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。
Koala bears are kind of shy.考拉有点害羞。
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
China和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj.友好的,和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly。
The people in Chengdu are very friendly.
4、with prep.跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,
如果有I, I通常放在 and之后,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with“和…一起玩耍”“玩…
5、day和night是一对反义词,day表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常说in the day, during the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.
复数形式为:leaves,类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
hour前边通常加上冠词an表示“一个小时”,即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
Pandas are from China.= Pandas come form China.
9、meat n.(食用的)肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修
10、grass n.草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问。
特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:
1.疑问句 一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如:
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number?你爷爷的电话号码是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes?那个大眼睛的男孩是谁?
Which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节?
When is he going to play the piano?他什么时候弹钢琴?
Where does he live?他住在哪儿?
How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有几个兄弟姐妹?
2.疑问句 陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如:
我们学过的What/How about 名词/代词 其他?也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构。
I like English. What/How about you?我喜欢英语。你呢?
What about playing basketball?打篮球怎么样?
2 give sb sth= give sth to sb给某人某物/把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
1询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式
③ What is/ are 名词所有格/形容词性物主代词 job?
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21|
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)分类:英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?一.短语:
1.be from= come from来自于---- 2. live in居住在---
4.write to sb= write a letter to sb给某人写信;写信给某人 5.in the world在世界上 in China在中国
6.pen pal笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject最喜欢的科目 7.the United States美国 the United Kingdom英国 New York纽约 8.speak English讲英语 like and dislike爱憎 9.go to the movies去看电影 play sports做运动二.重点句式:
1 Where’s your pen pal from?= Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English/ French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21|
七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)分类:英语学习
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?一.短语:
1.be from= come from来自于---- 2. live in居住在---
4.write to sb= write a letter to sb给某人写信;写信给某人 5.in the world在世界上 in China在中国
6.pen pal笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject最喜欢的科目 7.the United States美国 the United Kingdom英国 New York纽约 8.speak English讲英语 like and dislike爱憎 9.go to the movies去看电影 play sports做运动二.重点句式:
1 Where’s your pen pal from?= Where does your pen pal from
三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English/ French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip旅途愉快 15. take a taxi坐出租车
16.到达:get to 地方 get here/ there/ home到这/那/家 arrive in 大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at 小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach 地方
17.go across从物体表面横过 go across the street横过马路 go through从空间穿过 go through the forest穿过树林 18.on 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at 具体门牌号 街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street三.重难点解析
1.enjoy doing sth享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事 I enjoy reading.我喜爱读书。
到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room.我扫完了这间屋子。
2.hope to do sth希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。 hope 从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine.我希望明天将会晴朗。
(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope的后面,形成句中有句。)
If I have much money, I will go to the moon.如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物。四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?一.重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals at night in the day every day during the day二.交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too
7年级英语语法大全和初一英语语法有哪些的问题分享结束啦,以上的文章解决了您的问题吗?欢迎您下次再来哦!